will true, be half true, it will be false? According to the Afghan Education Minister Farooq Wardak, the Taliban would be prepared to make waste paper of the old contract that characterized the emirate e cioè il divieto di far andare a scuola le donne. Un “cambio culturale” ha detto il ministro di Karzai al supplemento del Time che tratta temi scolastici e che lo ha intervistato durante l'Education World Forum di Londra. Wardak ha prefigurato negoziati futuri in cui si discuterà di diritti umani e diritti delle donne anche se al riguardo è stato piuttosto vago tanto che non è chiaro quanto sia solo un desiderio del governo, che spera così di mettere a tacere gli accenti critici della comunità internazionale sul possibile futuro processo di pace. Certo qualcosa si sta muovendo anche se alcune parlamentari, intervistate dala Bbc, si son dette scettiche sull'uscita del ministro, ricordando le centinaia di scuole incendiate e l'epoca talebana in cui, per una donna o una bambina, la scuola era off limits. E se qualcosa sotto traccia sta maturando, anche se quello del ministro appare per ora più un auspicio che un fatto reale, è dunque possibile che le trattative sotterranee tra governo e guerriglia stiano cominciando a produrre un abbozzo di agenda.
In realtà di un atteggiamento talebano diverso nei confronti dell'emancipazione femminile si parla già da un paio d'anni: in qualche cronaca giornalistica che aveva dato conto di una sorta di pragmatismo almeno per alcuni capi talebani, disposti ad ammettere l'istruzione anche per le donne. E per esser del tutto sinceri, anche durante i tempi bui dell'emirato si poteva attend some lessons where the audience was female. The rule closely related to the separation between males and females, as yet another case in Afghanistan today. The Taliban were not really against female education altogether. But the limits were very clear: rigid separation from the males, male teachers, denied access to higher education. Now the attitude is changing.
In Afghanistan school for women has always been a taboo. With rare exceptions. Even today, as evidenced by a UN report released in December, being a woman in this country really means to be "weaker sex" second-class citizens: apart from the restrictions on education (not there is no control or punishment if a family does not send their daughters to school), there are still arranged marriages, women used as a bargaining chip in land transactions, forced marriages with minors. All things now prohibited (the law is more advanced in August of 2009) and sanctions (on paper). A law is not enough to change ingrained traditions and very general interpretation of the Qur'an (as the Prophet forbade the marriages with minors, a practice permitted by tribal codes instead). How
education, Farooq has pitted the results that, in fact, are one of the few happy legacies of the war: During the Taliban, he said, about a million students, the percentage of females was zero and the same was true for female teachers and now the figures are 38 and 30%.
Certainly the minister has exaggerated (during the Taliban, the percentage was higher) and, secondly, even if 38% is very, female illiteracy in Afghanistan is more than double that of men and therefore Karzai has something to blame. It 'true that the education sector in the polls appears to be one where the Afghans said they saw the greatest impact. But women's empowerment also involves access to basic services in a country among the last in the standings with regard to the safety of pregnancy and childbirth. Issues here that make their way, even among the Taliban who, in ten years, have changed. Motion obscurantist Pashtuns now proposed as the national liberation movement across extent that many fighters of different ethnic backgrounds have been appointed military leaders. Paradoxes of the war.
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